Cold Weather Causes Colds

A Persistent Myth Debunked

It’s an idea that has circulated for generations: if you go outside in the cold without a coat, you’ll get sick. Many people associate the winter months with a higher chance of catching a cold and point to the cold weather as the culprit. But is this justified? Let’s dissect this myth and understand why cold is not the direct cause of a cold.

What actually causes a cold?

Colds are caused by viruses, such as the rhinovirus, which infect the upper respiratory tract. So, it’s not the temperature outside, but exposure to these viruses that determines whether you get sick. Cold viruses spread through airborne droplets, direct contact with contaminated surfaces or hands, and then touching your face.

Why do we seem to catch more colds in winter?

While the weather itself isn’t the cause, there are indirect factors that contribute to the increase in colds during the colder months:

1. More time indoors: In winter, people spend more time in poorly ventilated spaces close to each other, increasing the chance of viruses spreading.
2. Dry air: Cold air, especially when heated indoors, is drier. Dry air can dry out the mucous membranes in your nose, making them less effective at warding off viruses.
3. Lower resistance: Some studies suggest that the body may become more susceptible to infections at low temperatures, for example, due to reduced blood flow to the mucous membranes.

What is the origin of the myth?

The link between cold and illness likely stems from times when people had less knowledge about microbiology. A wet coat or numb fingers seemed logically connected to developing symptoms like sneezing and coughing. Moreover, old sayings like “you must dress warmly, otherwise you’ll get sick” reinforced the idea that cold is directly responsible for illness.

 

How to truly prevent a cold?

The best thing you can do to avoid a cold is to prevent the spread of viruses. Here are some tips:

• Wash your hands regularly with soap and water, especially after contact with crowded places.
• Avoid touching your face, especially your nose, mouth, and eyes.
• Ventilate your home to increase humidity and let in fresh air.
• Stay healthy by getting enough sleep, eating well, and exercising regularly. A well-functioning immune system helps you better defend against viruses.

Conclusion

While it’s understandable that cold weather and colds are linked, it’s important to remember that cold itself does not cause viruses. The increase in colds in winter is rather due to behavioral and environmental factors. By being aware of how cold viruses spread, you can better protect yourself — regardless of the temperature outside. So, put on a warm coat to keep yourself comfortable, but know that it doesn’t directly prevent or cause you to get sick.